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KMID : 1013220230210020143
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Jouranl of the Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
2023 Volume.21 No. 2 p.143 ~ p.150
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A retrospective analysis of toxic alcohol poisoning
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Kim Jin
Lee Yu-Jin
Ahn Tae-Kyu
Kang Soo
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical features of methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning.
Methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included patients with toxic alcohol poi soning who visited a regional emergency medical center. Patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poi soning from January 2004 to June 2023 were selected for the study using diagnostic codes.
Results: Twenty-two patients with toxic alcohol poisoning visited during the study period, with 11 pa tients for each category. Compared to methanol poisoning, ethylene glycol poisoning patients were morelikely to have consumed alcohol for suicidal purposes (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=8 [72.73%]) and were morelikely to be drowsy (n=0 vs. n=6 [54.55%], p=0.016). The anion gap (25.43±8.35 mmol/L vs. 13.22±6.23mmol/L, p=0.001) and lactic acid levels (1.785 [1.3?2.785] mmol/L vs. 9.90 [4.20?11.81] mmol/L, p=0.007)were higher in ethylene glycol poisoning patients than in methanol poisoning patients. Among alcoholdehydrogenase blockers, oral ethanol was administered to 10 patients (45.45%) (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=6[54.55%]), and intravenous ethanol was administered to six patients (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=2 [18.18%]).
Fomepizole was administered to two patients (9.09%) each, and renal replacement therapy was non-sig nificantly more common in patients with ethylene glycol poisoning (n=8 [72.73%] vs. n=3 [27.27%],p=0.128). Three patients had delays in diagnosis and treatment, and while there were no fatalities, onepatient was left with permanent vision damage.
Conclusion: Because these are uncommon types of poisoning and the clinical presentation is difficult torecognize early, healthcare providers should be familiar with toxic alcohol types and screen for them toensure proper diagnosis and treatment.
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KEYWORD
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Methanol, Ethylene glycol, Poisoning, Diagnosis
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